Ablative therapies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Among the 3 sub-types of cholangiocarcinoma (CH), [intrahepatic CH, hylar (CH) and extrahepatic (CH)], intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) accounts for up 8–10% of cholangiocarcinomas and 10–20% of all primary liver tumors (1). Interestingly, the occurrence of ICC on cirrhosis is increasing in the last years (2). Diagnosis of ICC mainly relies on histologic findings obtained with imaging guided biopsy when a hepatic lesion, usually single (small or large), is occasionally discovered in a healthy liver or in a cirrhotic liver during surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).